Bahrain’s Parliament is currently reviewing a draft framework designed to regulate the exchange and ownership of plant genetic materials across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This move signifies Bahrain’s commitment to aligning its national policies with the broader GCC agreement established in December 2022. The draft has been presented to the Public Utilities and Environment Committee for in-depth study, with additional insights expected from the Legislative and Legal Affairs Committee.
Licensing and Approvals
Under the proposed regulations, any activities involving plant genetic materials or their by-products would require a license. Moreover, the import or export of these materials would necessitate prior approval from the government. This measure aims to ensure proper oversight and control over the movement and utilization of plant genetic resources within the country and across borders.
Travel and Compliance
Travelers who are carrying plant genetic materials will be obligated to declare them, present the necessary documentation, and adhere to stringent plant quarantine regulations. This provision is intended to prevent the unauthorized movement of plant materials and safeguard against the potential spread of plant diseases or pests.
Enforcement and Oversight
To ensure compliance with the new regulations, a designated government authority will be responsible for enforcement. This authority will be supported by a national committee on plant genetic resources, providing expert guidance and advice. The fees associated with licensing and other related services will be determined with the approval of the government.
Penalties for Violations
The framework outlines the sharing of benefits derived from the use of genetic resources and traditional knowledge. It also acknowledges farmers’ rights to participate in decision-making processes. Individuals will have a 30-day window to appeal official decisions, with the option to pursue legal action if their appeal is denied or ignored. Violations of the regulations, such as unlicensed handling or unauthorized cross-border movement of materials, could result in penalties including imprisonment of up to one month and fines of up to BD1,000. Courts will also have the authority to seize or destroy any materials obtained unlawfully.